High Calcium Limestone

    Application Note EDXRF1614

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    Scope

    The measurement of CaCO₃, MgCO₃, Fe₂O3, Al₂O₃, SiO₂ and K₂O in high calcium limestone is demonstrated using empirical calibration.

    Background

    Limestone (calcium carbonate) has many uses as the main ingredient in cement and mortar and is used as an aggregate in concrete and asphalt for building roads. Limestone is also used as a soil conditioner and is the raw material for making quick lime (calcium oxide), slaked lime (calcium hydroxide). During mining and processing operations it is important to monitor and control the limestone composition to ensure proper quality and characteristics desired for the various products. Rigaku meets this industry need with a high-performance, low-cost benchtop EDXRF system. Rugged and reliable, the NEX QC+ is an ideal tool for measuring major carbonate and oxide components in limestone, with simple and intuitive software designed for the non-technical, at-line operator and for use in quality control labs.

    NEX QC+ high-resolution EDXRF analyzer

    Model: NEX QC+

    Calibration

    A set of 14 assayed site-specific standards were provided by an industry user for this demonstration. 

    Compound Concentration range
    CaCO₃ 85 – 99%
    MgCO₃ 0.6 – 10.1%
    Fe₂O₃ 0.03 – 1.3%
    Al₂O₃ 0.1 – 2.1%
    SiO₂ 0.6 – 3.5%
    K₂O 0.04 – 0.18%

    Precision

    Typical precision is shown here. Ten repeat analyses of each sample were performed with the sample in static position.

    Element: H12
    Units: %
    Compound Standard value Average value Std. dev % Relative
    CaCO₃ 85.556 85.356 0.114 0.2
    MgCO₃ 10.065 9.832 0.127 1.3
    Fe₂O₃ 0.291 0.283 0.007 2.4
    Al₂O₃ 0.386 0.375 0.011 2.8
    SiO₂ 3.324 3.327 0.043 1.3
    K₂O 0.13 0.100 0.018 14

    Element: H14
    Units: %
    Compound Standard value Average value Std. dev % Relative
    CaCO₃ 92.854 93.642 0.081 0.1
    MgCO₃ 5.923 5.952 0.103 1.7
    Fe₂O₃ 0.081 0.082 0.003 3.7
    Al₂O₃ 0.208 0.193 0.013 6.3
    SiO₂ 0.748 0.704 0.013 1.7
    K₂O 0.07 0.078 0.014 20

    Element: H15
    Units: %
    Compound Standard Value Average Value Std. Dev % Relative
    CaCO₃ 93.734 93.679 0.122 0.2
    MgCO₃ 3.978 4.155 0.080 2.0
    Fe₂O₃ 0.207 0.192 0.004 1.9
    Al₂O₃ 0.531 0.539 0.015 2.8
    SiO₂ 1.226 1.267 0.020 1.6
    K₂O 0.16 0.179 0.015 9.4

    Element: H6
    Units: %
    Compound Standard value Average value Std. dev % Relative
    CaCO₃ 91.389 91.167 0.147 0.2
    MgCO₃ 1.163 1.045 0.075 6.4
    Fe₂O₃ 1.337 1.376 0.039 2.9
    Al₂O₃ 1.094 1.101 0.023 2.1
    SiO₂ 3.541 3.663 0.118 3.3
    K₂O 0.1 0.130 0.021 21

    Conclusion

    The performance shown here demonstrates that NEX QC+ provides excellent sensitivity and performance for the measurement of carbonates and major oxides in limestone. Self-contained with a simple touchscreen operation, NEX QC+ is an excellent tool for at-line control and quality checks throughout the mining and processes.

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